Of sound precious metal jewellery, as a rule, are not produced. In order to give them the necessary mechanical properties, and colors they give supplements of non-ferrous metals, alloys receiving, for example, gold with silver and copper, sometimes thousands, cadmium, nickel and zinc; silver and platinum, with copper; palladium - with silver and nickel. The precious metal in the alloy determines the sample. In most countries (including Russia), the metric system for the identification of samples on which it is designated parts of the noble metal in the 1000 weight of alloy. Until 1927, in Russia there anywhere in the world. Golden system for the identification of samples (based on the Russian pound containing 96 golden parts) which was sample weight of precious metal in 96 units alloy. In the United States, Great Britain and Switzerland, the so-called karatnaya system that 1000-a sample precious metal with the 24 units. 1 karatnaya sample = 4 golden sample = 41, 666 metric samples; one golden sample = 10.4166 metric samples. The sample alloys precious metals, of which allowed manufacture jewelry, and other products is through legislation and guaranteed by the State, which products must pass fire inspection and the overlap seal probyrnah ing figures are dominated by the sample. For branding products in various countries use assay marks diverse forms and drawings. The distributed gold alloy samples 583rd; alloys of the sample can be of different colours, depending on the proportion of the non-ferrous metals. For example, if the gold alloy samples 583rd (58.3 gold) contains approximately 36 silver and copper 5.7, Alloy is a greenish tint; in the silver 18.3 and 23.4 copper-pink; 8.3 in silver and 33.4 copper-red. For the manufacture of jewellery with diamonds widely used by the so-called white gold, which contains : melted gold 583rd sample silver - 23.7-28.7, palladium 13.0 18 or 17 nickel, zinc 8.7, copper 16; melted gold 750-i sample silver-7.0-15.0, palladium and 14, a nickel and 4, zinc to 2.4, or nickel 7.5 - 16.5, zinc 2.0-5.0, copper and 15. Alloys gold 958-i samples fragile, and therefore used in a limited number! Alloy gold 375-i sample includes : 37.5 gold, silver 10.0 48.7 copper, palladium 3.8. The distributed silver alloy 875 samples. It is used for the manufacture of ornaments and setting the table. Alloy 916 samples used in the production of items for table-coated glass; 960-i alloy samples, for the manufacture of delicate products. Alloys of platinum and palladium used in jewellery making, to a small extent. Silver and brass products for the protection of the rapidly approaching oxidation and the decorative properties cover electroplating thin layer of gold 999-i samples (plating), or silver 999-i samples (silvering).